Working cylinder for air-cooled combustion engines



Sept. 2, 1952 R. KLoss ETAL 2,608,952

WORKING CYLINDER FOR AIR-COOLED COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed April 2 1951 2 SHEETS-SHEET l Sept. 2, 1952 R. KLoss Erm. 2,608,962

WORKING CYLINDER FOR AIR-COOLED COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed April 2, 1951 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 atentecl Sept. 2*, 1952 A Y `"2,608,962 v SWRKING-EYEINDER FOR' AIReCOOLED GOIYIBUSEION vENGINE S menare. nnss..

Cologne-Buchforst Erich. "G.-

Engels, Cologne-Niehl, and Peter Combiichem Bergisch-Gladbach,

Germany, assig-nors fKlocknerg-Humholdt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft,

Cologne, Germany Application Aprile, 1951, serial No. 213,852 .In'Giermany May 19,1950.

. "The 'presentinvention relates tofworkingi cylin- 11ers. of 'engines and, more Y ing I'cylinders Vor vair cooled internal rvcornltmsti'on engines. 1 j j Wherever thel cool-ing 'of a lcylinder of the 4"alcovementioned type `is, Aprovided with "recesses lor Anerrorations,fe. g5. tol allow thepassagecfvconnecting screws, tnejcyfiinderfisliess rigid :than 'at lother spots. '-lflerefore, when the cylinder 'gets -hotduring the operation-of the enginegit assumes an-angular shape, the `corners Vlo'eing llocated at those cylinder portions where the-eoolingnnsare interrupted -and the cylinder, therefore, receives its greatest bending? 'stres'ses Thiel-fact results inf the fgreat disadvantage that the 'piston does 'not any longer com-p etelyb'ear with all V.points *of 'the cylinder, f and this all the less', the less Fin- 'terruptio'ns-aw providediand the more irregularly these interruptions- Aai-"e periphery of the cylind'en i' -It is, therefore, 'an `objectf'tntl'lisliiflvention to 'rnrovidea work-ing cylinderfori-iairj'cooledinternal lomnloiistionenglines'which will, at leas'tto a great distributed y'over thel particularly; {to -Worl'r extent, overcome the vabove'irlnenttoned drawback. p

\ It is another object of 'this invention .to .provide a working `cylinder 'having cooling linterrnpted by `massages forconnecting bolts which will `be characterized Vby lthe Stadt. "that: deiormation `of the fcylinder one to heatwill be fet-ich that the i cross-section Voi the cylinder Awill -liavel the-approximate shap'efoi al regular polygon. -Y -It is1also-anobiect1of this-invention to'provide va cylinderffhaving-coolingilnsinterrupted San 'feti-tiet stud, lin Hwhich -the i'cooling inns are Vso sl-raped that, when lthe'cylinder 'deforms due to heat expansion, such ideformationfwill not or vnot materiallybefharmfuliy affected .loythe'said stud.`

These and other objects andfadvantagesorthe invention. will appear .more clearly from the followingl ispeoiflcationfln*connection with the accompanying *drawings "in which:

Fig-dre "l 4is'-across-sec-tion through a cylinder provided with cooling fins shaped according to the present invention.

Figure 2 isa longitudinali lanen-on through a n cylinder havingI an Yontletstud and fhavmgcooling fins extending transverse''toi'the longitudinal axis of the cylir-ider and'shapedfaccording to the present invention. n

Eigure 3 shows the principle. oi the Mesem-giption applied toan aircooijedcylindenthe fdis- Irgge stud of which i's' provided Vwith 'a wleh Figi-*1re 4"'represents a modified way of'applying the principle of the present invention to a normal discharge: stud ci' en -air cooled cylinder.

General arrangement tion oranlair--cooledcylinderlprovided with cool- @In "-order-to avoid an irregularfheat `d ei'orxna- "a rule vvrepresents a 4rather 25 forcement of the cylinder;

Yini,T iins having passagjegsftnerethrough tornen.-

'twolin sections ofpossihly the saine width and/lor length. Preferably the depth 'of all incisions :is

the same.

1n this way the 'ac-tual number eipassages is increased but the total number of `passages is now'distributed over y the entire Veylinderin sach a manner that when the `heat deformsthe cylinder, the deformation will befsubstantiallyeven so that the expanded cylinder 'will have v4acrosssection of a substantiallyregular poly-gon.

With; cylinders of piston controlledtwo stroke internal combustion engines, the outletstud as great transverse rfreiifi- Suc-h reinforcement has a particularly unfavorable eectwhenthe stud is subdivided a web extendingm'longi'- tudinal directionof the stud, in as much asin such an instance `expansion dueto heat-willfcanse the web to grow toward the interior of the cylinder. Therefore,4 in order {to Aoverccnne the drawbacks inherent tosuch-vveb reinforced studs, 'the nsabove and, 'if desired,l v'also the-nslbelow the studare, according tothe present invention, -incised or notched so that in-ljongitudi-naldirection of the cylinder the depth or the incisions or notches decreases with increasing distance from fthe said stud, whilef'the-said-studin `longituk-i-inal direction of the cylinder is 'sn-lodivided Vinto 'two parts. a result thereof-','the cylinder will withint-he area. of said o ntletstud becomesufliciently y-ieldingto secure 'an elastic deformation `within ithe "meaning of 'the presentinvention, Vwhile the expansion 'of the, web is compensated for by 4the change` inthe shape of the'cylinder.

With two rstrokefengines without web in `dise-llame stud, thefstnd is preferablynotehed longitudinal direction-of; the cylinder, while the feiihaiistpi-pe is inserted `intofthe-stud;to such an extent that it `will overlap thejn'oth.

Referring #now- Vto the 'draw-ings and Fig-'ure 1 lthereofV invr particular, Vthestr'uct-urei shown therein Villustrates a cylinder providedfwitheool-ing fins 'I. These cooling fins arefrecessed or interrnpted in order to allow thepa-ssage of connectingserews A2-. A s will be fseeniromdrawings, there `are v-io'ur 'of such recesses 'and ifour of such connect- Ving serewsL In view of t-hese four recessesthe cylinder, when expanding 'due to heat, woul-ely 'de- 'ioI-m so that the lcross-seotior-i'off-the #cylinder regular octagon, the sections of the cooling ns4 lying between two adjacent connecting screws 2 are, according to the present invention, notched in the center portion thereof, i. e. at la. The depth of said notches is preferably the same as the depth of the recesses through which the screws 2 pass.

The arrangement shown in Figure 2 concerns a cylinder 3 shown in longitudinal section which is intended for a piston controlled two stroke internal combustion engine. In order to make the .cylinder 3 more yieldable within the area of the discharge stud 5, according to the present invention, a cooling iin 4 above the stud 5 and if desiredalso below the stud 5 is so notched that the depth of the notches, starting'from the ns remotest from the stud,` increases toward the stud.

Y Figure 3 shows a cross-section of a cylinder for a piston controlled two stroke internal combustion engine. The discharge stud 6 of this cylinder is subdivided in longitudinal direction of the cylinder by means of a web 1. In order to prevent that this web due to heat expansion of the cylinder grow toward the interior in view of the great rigidity of the stud 6, the stud and also the web I has according to the present invention been subdivided. Due to this arrangement, the expansion of the web is compensated for by deformation of the cylinder.

Figure 4 shows a cross-section through the discharge stud of a piston controlled two stroke internal combustion engine in which the stud is not provided with a reinforcing web. In order to reduce the rigidity of the discharge stud, in this instance the stud is notched at 8 in longitudinal direction of the cylinder according to the present invention. Into the stud the exhaust pipe 9 is inserted to such an extent that it will cover the notch 8. The exhaust pipe 9 is indicated by dot dash lines. Y

It is of course understood that the present invention is by no means limited to the particular constructions shown in the drawings but also comprises any modifications within the scope of the impended claims.

What we claim is:

1. A working cylinder for air cooled internal 'combustion engines provided with cooling ns ,having their major surfaces located in planes transverse to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder, said cooling fins being provided with recesses to allow the passage of connecting means and being substantially equally subdivided between two adjacent recesses by an elongated notch.

2. A working cylinder for air cooled internal combustion engines provided with cooling ns having their major surfaces located in planes transverse to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder, said cooling iins being provided with recesses to allow the passage of connecting means and being substantially equally subdivided between two adjacent recesses by an elongated notch having that area which is immediately adjacent the outer cylinder wall, spaced therefrom by approximately the same distance as those areas of said recesses which are closestl to said cylinder wall. ,n 3. A working cylinder for air cooled internal combustion engines provided with cooling fins -.having their major surfaces located in planes transverse to the longitudinal axis of said cylvcombustion engines provided with cooling fins having their major surfaces located in planes transverse to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder and also provided with a discharge stud, at least the majority of the cooling fins located on a level higher and lower than said stud being provided with relatively long and narrow notches having their greatest depth adjacent said stud and decreasing in depth away from said stud.

5. A working cylinder for air cooled internal combustion engines provided with coolingns having their major surfaces located in "planes transverse to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder and also provided with a discharge stud subdivided by a web extending in longitudinal direction of said cylinder and having a slit-like passage therethrough extending in longitudinal direction of said cylinder and through said stud, at least the majority of the cooling fins located on one side of said stud being provided with relatively long and narrow notches having their greatest depth adjacent said stud and decreasing in depth away from said stud.

6. A working cylinder for air cooled internal combustion engines according to claim 5 in which the passage in the web extends from the outside of said stud to a point spaced from the inner cylinder wall by approximately thesamedistance as the outer cylinder wall.

7. A working cylinder for air cooled internal combustion engines provided with cooling fins having their major surfaces located in planes transverse to the longitudinal axis of saidcylinder and also having a discharge stud, at least the majority of the cooling ns located at a. higher level than said stud being provided with relatively long notches substantially evenly dis- REFERENCES' CI'rEn f The following referencesr are of record in the file of this patentzf UNITED STATES PATENTS,

Number Name Y Date 1,910,591 ChiltonY -May 23;-1933 1,997,502 V011 Seid et a1.f Api. 9,1935 2,371,144 Bronander Mar. 13,1945 2,396,363 Dubois et al. Mar. 127,: 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 402,348 Germany r Sept25 1924 54H07; f Germany ;-.-,-.--f...-VOct 14 A193? 

